Piston and packing ring structure



April 23, 1935. B. YOUNG PISTON AND PACKING RING STRUCTURE Filed June 6, 1931 Patented Apr. 23, 1935` i v UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE Hs'roN AND PACKING ame STRUCTURE Bruce Young, Tulsa, Okla.

Appucaun Junes, 1931, semi N0. 542,575y

-2 claims. (ci. sos- 43) This invention relates to pumps, and more ing the opposite ends of the cylinders and havparticularly to piston and packing rings of coming reduced axial pockets 51 for the reduced ends pressors used for transferring vapors and disof the piston projections. charging the vapors under pressure. l The sleeves are extended outwardly from the 5 The principal objects of the invention are to cylinder plates 42 and support glands 58 and 5 increase the velocity of vapors discharged by a packing 68 engaging the rods to seal the sleeves. compressor, and to provide a pump that will op- Rings B2 are also located in grooves in the rods erate eiciently at high speeds for transferring to engage the inner peripheries of the sleeves vapors. adjacent the glands for supplementing the seal- A particular object of the invention is to effect ing action of the glands. l0

movement of hot oil vapors through a cracking Referring again to the pistons, attention is zone at sufficiently high velocities and pressures called to the fact that the body portion of each to effect true vapor phase cracking of oil vapors. piston moves transversely across the elongated In accomplishing these and other objects. of inlet and outlet passages, and is permitted to apthe invention, I have provided improved details proach the end closures of each cylinder closely l5 of structure, the preferred form of which is illusbecause of the telescoping relation of the piston trated in the accompanying drawing, wherein: rod sleeve, and-the entrance of the reduced end Fig. 1 is a front elevation of vapor pumping portion of the piston into the hollow cap. apparatus with parts broken away to disclose a Each piston body is provided with a plurality piston and rings embodying my invention and of annular peripheral grooves |86 formed in the 20 4shown in central section. body of the piston, preferably three in number, Fig. 2 is an elevation partly in vertical section as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and a plurality of of a piston showing novel piston rings. overlapping rings are mounted in each groove.

Fig. 3-is a planl view of `a hollow piston ring, The inner ring of each group of rings comthe wall thereof being broken away to show plugs prises a liquid containing member preferably 25 retaining mercury in the ring. consisting of an expansible tube having beveled Fig. 4. is a plan view of a metal sealing ring ends adapted to cause the ends to abut snugly having a peripheral groove. when the tube is arranged in the circle and tend Referring more in detail to the drawing: .to lock the tube in circular form.

The pumping apparatus to which the present A quantity of liquid, preferably mercury, is en- 3,0 application is directed preferably includes sets closed in the tube and retained by closing the or pairs of opposed spaced piston cylinders 22-24 apertures through which theA mercury was inand 26-28 arranged horizontally and supported troduced, in any suitable manner, for example by bases 30, as best observed by comparing Figs. by inserting plugs |90 in theends of a tube where- 1, 2 and 3. The cylinders have pairs of inlet` and by expansion of the mercury due to increase of 35 outlet passages 32-33 and 34-35 communicattemperature of the piston will cause the ring to ing respectively and separately with the inlet expand and press the outer ring against the inner and -outlet conduit branches and are fitted with periphery of the cylinder.

pistons 36 having rods 38 connected with driving ,The outer rings are preferably formed of metal 40 heads 48, all constructed and supported as later steel and have peripheral V-shaped grooves |92 40 described in detail, for transferring hot oil vapors. formed on inclines of 60 and forming rim-like Fixed t0 the facing Open ends 0f each pair of -edges to engage the cylinder surface, thus reopposed cylinders are plates 42 having center ducing friction and increasing the number of openings. Sleeves 44 including portions 46 prosliding surfaces of a ring that engage the cylin- 45 jectng Substantial distances into the cylinders der. The grooves further form reservoirs or 45 are fixed to the plates to form liners or guides channels in which mercury may be collected and in which the IOdS Operai/e tO-Dl'eVBn-Whipping 0f retained for lubricating the sliding surfaces of rods when the same reciprocate at high speeds. the piston and cylinder.

The DiStOnS include Cylindrical body portions The outer metal rings thus form jackets.which 48 and tubular portions 50 forming recesses 52 protect the expansible inner rings and provide for the sleeve portions 46 and permit the piston the 4friction surfaces which are held with inbodies to approach closely to the end plates. The creasing tightness against the cylinders upon inv ends of the rods are fixed in reduced end porcrease of temperature so that an eiective seal tions 54 of the piston projections, which move is produced even at high temperatures.

55 into 'and out of recesses formed by caps I8 clos- Sight feed lubricators |84 containing mercury 55 have downwardly directed nipples mounted on the cylinder walls in channels having restricted outlet ports as shown in Fig. 2. Valves |96 control iiow of mercury to the Acylinders to be picked up by the grooved rings and pistons with the reciprocatng motion of the pump. The lubricators are adapted to stand the temperatures and pressures to which they are subjected.

lAttention is particularly called to the use of mercury as a sealing agent and also to the service of the mercury as a lubricant for the sliding surfaces of the piston and cylinder, the mercury in the hollow inner rings in the piston grooves, when heated, causing expansion of the outer rings against the inner surface of the cylinder to enhance the sealing service of the outer rings. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A split ring having an interior channel extending circularly within the ring and closed at the split ends of the ring, and a heat expansive iiuid in said channel for effecting uniform expanson of said ring throughout its circumference.

2. In anapparatus of the character described including a piston having a peripheral ring groove, sealing means for the piston including an expanding ring mounted in said groove, a second ring mounted in the groove and supporting the expanding ring and having an interior channel extending circularly within said ring, and a heat expansive iluld confined in said channel for effecting uniform expansion of said expanding ring throughout its circumference.

BRUCE YOUNG. 

